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This research investigates how perceptions of Thai government policies affect the willingness to adopt electric vehicles (EVs). Shifting toward EVs plays a key role in cutting greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change, in line with international sustainability targets. The study fills important gaps by examining the various dimensions of how people view government policies and their effects on EV adoption intentions within emerging economies, with a specific focus on Thailand. Data were collected through a survey of 3,770 participants nationwide from January to March 2024. The questionnaire evaluated several aspects of government policy perceptions, such as commitment and implementation efficiency, social welfare considerations, communication efforts, overall policy effectiveness, and tax-related advantages. The analysis applied techniques including Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) to confirm the measurement constructs related to perceived government support and to test their impact on intentions to purchase or use EVs. Results indicate that concrete government actions—especially those that expand EV charging infrastructure and establish transparent regulatory frameworks—alongside clear, effective policy communication strongly shape public readiness to embrace EVs. The study also underscores the vital influence of perceived governmental dedication and financial incentives on consumer choices. Drawing on these conclusions, the research suggests that policymakers should focus on rapidly scaling up charging networks, making the government’s resolve more visible to the public, and strengthening direct monetary support to accelerate EV uptake. These insights enrich the literature on EV adoption dynamics in developing countries and provide actionable guidance for authorities aiming to advance eco-friendly transport systems.